Chemists are as fond of records as any, although I doubt you will find many chemical ones in the Guinness world records list. Polytriangulanes chase how many cyclopropyl 3-rings can be joined via a vertex. Steve Bachrach on his blog reports some recent work by Peter Schreiner and colleagues[1] and the record for catenation of such rings appears to be 15. This led me to think about some other common atoms and groups. Here I have searched for crystal structures only; there may be examples of course for which no such data has been reported.
Such records are probably very uncompetitive; I doubt any researchers set out to extend the count. Most of the above are probably simply unexpected discoveries. My favourite is the bromine example; this element so often surprises.
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A fresh chlorine octamer: 10.1002/anie.201604348
The 3D structure for this [Cl8]2- species can be seen at doi: 10.5517/ccdc.csd.cc1kwp7c
Almost as soon as I asserted that the record for a string of P atoms joined to each other was 21, an example with an infinite such chain is found. It is part of a double helix, see this post.